(Solved): Using Your Knowledge A. Anatomy of the Respiratory System Answer the following questions. 1. Explai ...

Using Your Knowledge A. Anatomy of the Respiratory System Answer the following questions. 1. Explain how it is possible for a person to drink liquid and then have the liquid come out through the nose when the person laughs. 2. Explain how an infection in the nasopharynx can also result in an infection in the paranasal sinuses and/or the middle ear. 3. Asthma attacks are caused by smooth muscle spasms in the bronchial trec. These spasms can close the airway. What airway structures are closed? Why are these areas closed but not the rest of the bronchinl tree? 4. Emphysema is characterized by destructive changes of alveolar walls resulting in large air-filled spaces due to overinflation. There is a loss of lung elasticity, decreased gas exchange, and large air-filled spaces. Pneumonia is an acute inflammation of the lungs with the alveoli and bronchioles becoming plugged with an exudate (fluid), and the alveolar cell membranes thicken. In Figure \( 32.10 \), identify which alveolar section came from a person with no lung disease (normal alveoli), with emphysema, or with preamonia. (a) (D) (c) FIGURE \( 32.10 \) Nonmal and diseased bheolar sections.