(Solved): The data in the Excel file is historical data for the annual average temperature records for New Yo ...

The data in the Excel file is historical data for the annual average temperature records for New York City, USA, and Sydney, Australia. For each year, the data value is calculated by taking the average of the daily high temperature readings from every day of that year, observed in a specific location, e.g.. Central Park for New York and Observatory Hill for Sydney. The data are sorted by year in ascending order. For your convenience, temperatures have been converted to the Fahrenheit scale. You can find the original data sources at https://lagcc- cuny.digication.com/project_data/Temperature_Trends. Please see attached data file labeled as "temperature trends". (Temperature Trends) a) is the mean temperature for the last 25 (1988-2013) years higher or lower than that of the entire period for NYC? Calculate the z-score for the recent mean temperature using the mean and standard deviation for the entire period found in question 2. Round your answer to two decimal places. O The mean temperature for the last 25 years lower than that of the entire period O The mean temperature for the last 25 years higher than that of the entire period Z-score= What does the value of the z-score tell you about the difference between the two means? b) For what percentage of the last 25 years was the annual temperature above the historical mean temperature from 1869-present? c) Again for NYC, Of the 10 warmest years in recorded history (entire perid), how many occurred within the most recent 25 years (1988-2013) ? Of the 10 coldest years in recorded history (entire period), how many occurred within the last 25 years (1988-2013)? Do you find this result surprising? Why or why not? d) Create a box-plot representing the temperatures for the last 25 years for NYC and upload below. Choose File No file chosen e) Write a paragraph summarizing your findings based on your answer in part c. Are NYC annual temperatures notably different in recent times from what they were in the earlier part of the observation period? What might be the reasons for this diffference? Year NYCtemp(°F) 1869 51.4 1870 53.6 1871 51.1 1872 51 1873 51 1874 51.3 1875 49.4 1876 51.9 1877 52.8 1878 53.6 1879 52.3 1880 53.2 1881 52.4 1882 52 1883 50.5 1884 52.4 1885) 51.1 1886 51 1887 50.9 1888 49.3 1889 52.7 1890 52.7 1891 53.8 1892 51.9 1893 50.4 1894 52.8 1895 51.3 1896 51.7 1897 51.6 1898 53 52 1899 1900 52.4 1901 50.6 1902 51.2 1903 51.2 1904 48.7 1905 51.2 1906 52.7 1907 50.4 1908 52.5 Year Sydtemp (°F) 70.5 68.5 69.6 70.5 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869. 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 70.5 1876 70.3 1877 70.5 1878 70.5 1879 68.2 1880 69.4 1881 68.9 1882 70.2 1883 69.3 1884 70.2 1885 69.8 69.1 71.1 70.3 71.2 70.5 70 69.3 69.4 69.3 69.6 70 70.9 70.3 1886 1887 68.5 1888 69.8 1889 69.4 1890 69.1 1891 69.3 1892 68.7 1893 68.9 1894 69.6 1895 69.8 1896 69.6 1897 70.7 1898 70.3 1908 52.5 1909 51.4 1910 51 1911 52.2 1912 51.7 1913 53.9 1914 51.1 1915 52.5 1916 51.1 1917 49.7 1918 52.1 1919 52.8 1920 51.7 1921 54.4 1922 52.8 1923 52 1924 51.1 1925 52.7 1926 50.2 1927 52.6 1928 52.7 1929 53.2 1930 53.7 1931 55.1 1932 54.3 1933 1934 1935 52.3 1936 52.6 1937 53.5 1938 54 53.5 52 1939 53.5 50.7 53.6 1942 52.8 1943 52.6 1944 53.4 1945 53 1946 54.2 1947 52.8 1948 1949 1940 1941 53 659 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 70.3 69.8 69.6 69.8 69.8 69.3 69.6 69.6 70.7 70.5 70.3 70 70.5 70.3 70.5 70.9 71.6 71.4 70 69.8 71.2 72.7 71.1 72 72.5 72.3 71.2 70.5 72.5 70.2 1928 72.3 1929 70.5 1930 70.5 1931 70.9 1932 70.7 1933 69.6 1934 70.3 1935 71.1 1936 71.1 1937 70.9 1938 71.8 1939 711 1950 1951 1952 54.8 1953 56 1954 53.9 1955 53.9 1956 52.7 1957 54.7 1958 51.8 1959 54.6 1960 53.1 1961 53.9 1962 52.4 1963 52.5 1964 53.5 1965 53.1 1966 53.9 1967 51.9 1968 52.6 54 53 1969 53.7 1970 53.2 1971 54.1 1972 53 1973 55.3 1974 54.2 1975 54.4 1976 52.8 1977 53.4 1978 52 1979 54.1 1980 53.6 1981 53.9 1982 53.5 1983 54.7 1984 54.1 1985 54.2 1986 54.2 1987 54.3 1988 54 1989 1000: 53.2 564 1940 72 1941 70.9 1942 71.1 1943 69.1 1944 70.9 1945 70.5 1946 71.2 1947 70.9 1948 70.3 1949 70.3 1950 70.5 1951 71.2 1952 70.7 1953 71.1 1954 71.1 1955 71.2 70.9 71.8 72 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 71.2 70.9 71.2 71.4 71.1 72.1 71.8 70.9 71.1 1968 72.7 1969 71.8 1970 71.6 1971 71.4 1972 71.4 1973 72.9 1974 71.1 1975 1976 1977 72.5 71.8 72.9 1978 71.2 1979 72.3 1985 54.2 1986 54.2 1987 54.3 1988 54 1989 53.2 1990 56.4 1991 56.4 1992 53.1 1993 54.7 1994 54.4 1995 54.4 53.7 1996 1997 54.3 1998 57.1 1999 56.5 2000 53.8 2001 56.2 2002 56.4 2003 53.4 2004 54.5 2005 55.7 2006 56.8 2007 55 2008 55.3 2009 54 2010 56.7 2011 56.4 2012 57.3 2013 55.5 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 72.5 71.8 72.9 71.2 72.3 73.4 71.8 72 72 1982 1983 1984 71.6 1985 71.6 1986 72 1987 72 1988 73.2 1989 71.8 1990 72.1 1991 73 1992 70.7 1993 72.1 1994 72.7 1995 71.2 1996 71.8 1997 72.3 1998 72.9 1999 71.8 2000 72.9 2001 73.6 2002 73.6 2003 72.9 2004 74.1 2005 74.1 2006 73.6 2007 72.9 2008 71.8 2009 73.2 2010 72.7 2011 72.7 2012 72.9 2013 74.7