(Solved):
A student team is to design a human-powered submarine for a design competition. The overal length ...
A student team is to design a human-powered submarine for a design competition. The overal length of the prototype submarine is 4.85m, and its student designers hope that it can travel fully submerged through water at 0.3m/s. The water is freshwater (a lake) at T=15∘C. The design team builds a one-fifth scale model to test in their university's wind tunnel. A shield surrounds the drag balance strut so that the aerodynamic drag of the strut itself does not influence the measured drag. The air in the wind tunnel is at 25∘C and at one standard atmosphere pressure. At what air speed do they need to run the wind tunnel in order to achieve similarity? At this air temperature, the speed of sound is around 346m/s. Determine the Mach number of the flow. For water at T=15∘C and atmospheric pressure, ρ=999.1kg/m3 and μ=1.138×10−3kg/m⋅s. For air at T=25∘C and atmospheric pressure, ρ=1.184kg/m3 and μ=1.849×10−5kg/m⋅s. The wind tunnel velocity must be m/s. The Mach number of the flow is
To achieve similarity between the model in the wind tunnel and the full-scale submarine in water, we need to match the Reynolds number of the flow in both cases. The Reynolds number is given by:Re = where ? is the density of the fluid, v is the velocity of the fluid, L is the characteristic length, and ? is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.For the full-scale submarine in water: For the model in the wind tunnel, the characteristic length is 4.85 m / 5 = 0.97 m. We need to find the velocity of the air in the wind tunnel that will give the same Reynolds number as the full-scale submarine in water: