1. Draw the detailed mechanism for the following acetal formation reaction. Include curved arrows and show all intermediates.
Step 1: Formation of a hemiacetal (three steps)
(1) proton transfer, (2) nucleophilic attack, and (3) proton transfer
Step 2: Formation of an acetal (four steps)
(1) proton transfer, (2) loss of a leaving group, (3) nucleophilic attack, and (4) proton transfer